It is important to clarify how providers of general-purpose AI models released under free and open-source licences that do not have systemic risk should comply with this Regulation. In the interest of lowering barriers to entry with a view to fostering innovation and competition in the Union market, especially as regards the development and use of general-purpose AI models, this Regulation should provide certain lighter obligations for such providers. Taking into account the specificities of how those models are used and released, smaller actors that do provide or develop general-purpose AI models under free and open-source licences and who are developing them not for direct commercial exploitation but for non-commercial purposes should be exempted from certain obligations of this Regulation. Those exemptions should not apply to general-purpose AI models with systemic risk, which, irrespective of the licence under which they are released, should always be subject to the relevant obligations under this Regulation.