Within the exhaustively listed and narrowly defined situations, the use of 'real-time' remote biometric identification systems in publicly accessible spaces for the purpose of law enforcement is covered by this Regulation. Therefore, any use of such systems that does not fall within one of the situations provided for in this Regulation but otherwise falls within the scope of this Regulation or of another Union law, including Directive (EU) 2016/680, should be considered prohibited. The reference to the purpose of law enforcement is also relevant when the use takes place by an authority that does not qualify as a law enforcement authority under Union law but whose action falls under what is generally covered by the purpose of law enforcement, namely the prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offence.